MuAnji, Zhejiang, kune kambani yagara yakadzika midzi muindasitiri yezvishandiso zvekurapa kwemakore anoda kusvika makumi mana — Anji Hongde Medical Supplies Co., Ltd. (inozivikanwa seHongde Medical).
Kubva panguva yehupfumi hwakarongwa uye uchiri kutsvaga nzira itsva nhasi, kukura kweHongde Medical kwakabatana nekukura kwehupfumi hweChina. Kashoma kuti kambani ipe mutoro wevanhu muDNA yayo, ichipa pekugara nerutsigiro kuvanhu vakaremara. Zhang Yuegen, muzvinabhizinesi ane mukurumbira: gamba rakatanga kubva pakutanga, rakatanga mabhizinesi maviri, uye rinoramba riri pamberi pekufunga zvine hungwaru uye kuita sarudzo mumakore ake ekuma1970.
Iyi inyaya yechokwadi yebhizinesi inosanganisira shanduko nekuvhura mabhizinesi muChina, shanduko yemusika, uye kusimudzira maindasitiri. Iyi inyaya yenguva refu yemuzvinabhizinesi akazvimirira ane mutoro, chiono, uye kutsungirira.
"Bhizinesi Rakasimba" Munguva Yehupfumi Hwakarongwa
Kubatana kwake neindasitiri yezvekurapa kwakatanga netsaona.
Muna 1984, Zhang Yuegen ane makore 31 ekuberekwa aive director wefekitori yekugadzirisa mota muAnji. Kuti awedzere bhizinesi rake, akafamba-famba achitsvaga mapurojekiti matsva. MuShanghai, akasangana nekambani inogadzira mabhandeji eplaster. Aineta neodha uye kushaya simba rekugadzira, kambani iyi yakamupa mukana wekushandira pamwe. Panguva iyoyo, Anji yakanga isina bhizinesi rezvekurapa, ukuwo kudiwa kwemabhandeji eplaster mudzimba kwaiwedzera.
Zhang Yuegen akatanga chirongwa ichi zvakasimba. "Yakanga ichiri hupfumi hwakarongwa panguva iyoyo; zvekushandisa pakurapa zvaive indasitiri yaidzorwa zvakasimba. Kubvumidzwa kwechirongwa uye kugoverwa kwesimba rekugadzira kwaida kuongororwa kwakawanda. Nerombo rakanaka, chirongwa ichi chakaenzana nekudiwa kwemusika, saka fekitari yakavakwa zvakanaka." Muna 1985, fekitari yake yezvekushandisa pakurapa - yakatangira Hongde Medical - yakatanga kugadzirwa zviri pamutemo.
Nguva iyi yakapa mubayiro kune avo vakaedza. Mugore rayo rechipiri, fekitori iyi yakawana purofiti ye500,000 yuan, chishamiso munguva iyo "mhuri dzezviuru gumi zveyuan" dzaive dzisingawanzoitiki.
Mukana wakakosha zvikuru wakabva kumusika wepasi rose.
Mukutanga kwema1990, Johnson & Johnson vekuUnited States vakafarira mabhandeji aZhang epurasita ndokutaura nezvekushandira pamwe. "Pamusangano wedu, ndakavabvunza kana vaigona kundikweretesa mamiriyoni mashanu eyuan kuti ndivake fekitori. Vakafunga kuti 'ndakakumbira mamiriyoni mashanu eyuan' uye vakaita ongororo yakadzama." Mushure mekuverenga zvakadzama, Johnson & Johnson vakazopedzisira vapa madhora zviuru mazana mana emadhora ekuAmerica (akaenzana nemamiriyoni matatu nemakumi manomwe nemashanu eyuan) mahara kutsigira kukura kwefekitori yake. "Izvi zvaive zvisingawanzoitiki mukushandira pamwe kweindasitiri yekurapa yeChina nevatinoshanda navo vekune dzimwe nyika - pasina zvipingamupinyi, kungozivikanwa chete kwezvigadzirwa zvedu nesimba redu." Zhang achiri kudada nekurangarira nguva iyi.
Kutanga Patsva: Kupinda Kwechipiri Pazera Remakore 53
Muna 2006, Zhang Yuegen akaita sarudzo inoshamisa: kutanga bhizinesi rechipiri uye kuvaka kambani yake yezvekushandisa pakurapa. "Hama neshamwari dzakaramba, dzichiti ndakanga ndakura zvekuti handingazvinetse. Asi ndaiziva kuti indasitiri yezvekurapa yaida vanhu vakawanda. Ndaiva nepfungwa dzezvigadzirwa nezviwanikwa, uye ndaitenda kuti ndaigona kubudirira." Saka, akatanga kambani yeAnji Hongde Medical Supplies Co., Ltd., ine mari inosvika 100,000 yuan, muimba yega ine 80-square-meter, ine vashandi vana.
"Vanhu vazhinji vakabvunza kuti: Zvigadzirwa zvaizotengeswa kupi? Mari yaizobva kupi? Nzira yekutsvaga vashandi sei?" Mhinduro yaZhang yaive nyore uye yakasimba: "Zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa pasi rese, mari inobva kumusika, uye matarenda anokwezvwa nekukura."
Muna 2008, Zhang nechikwata chake vakabudirira kugadzira rudzi rutsva rwebhandiji replaster rine hunhu hwakapfuura mhando dzepasi rose dzenguva iyoyo. "Kambani yekuAmerica yakauya kuChina ichitenga zvigadzirwa. Mukwikwidzi weShanghai akatumira sampuro ina kuUS, dzese dzakakundikana bvunzo. Ipapo mutengi akatiwana. Vakaisa odha yakazara yemidziyo mushure memuenzaniso wekutanga, uye pakarepo mamwe midziyo gumi nemasere mushure mekushandisa batch yekutanga." Odha iyi yakakura yakasimudzira kukura nekukurumidza kweHongde Medical. Kambani ichiri kupa mutengi uyu wekuAmerica nanhasi, nekutengesa kwegore negore kweinosvika mamiriyoni mashanu eyuan. Zhang akati zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoshandiswa muzvikoro zvekuAmerica pamabasa ekunze, zvakagamuchirwa zvakanaka nekuda kwehunhu hwakavimbika uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo, uye zvichiri chigadzirwa chikuru cheHongde Medical.
Pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, Hongde Medical yave nebasa guru mukugadzira mitemo yeindasitiri. Muna Mbudzi 2024, mitemo yenyika yemabhandiji eplaster, yakatangwa uye yakashandiswa neHongde Medical, yakaongororwa uye yakagamuchirwa zvakanaka. "Pamusangano, ndakataura kuti mushure mekushandisa mitemo yemuno, tichanyorera mitemo yeindasitiri yepasi rose." Kuvimba kwaZhang kwakabva pakusimba kwechigadzirwa. "Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvakachipa, zvinokwikwidzana nezvimwe zvepasi rose."
Kugadzira Ramangwana Idzva
Mushure mekukura kwakasimba, Zhang Yuegen akaramba kumira. Kuti awedzere huwandu hwezvigadzirwa, akatendeukira kune chinhu chakasiyana chaAnji - mushenjere. "Anji inyika yemushenjere, wakapfuma muzviwanikwa zvemushenjere zvinotengeswa nemitengo yakaderera. Ndakazvibvunza kuti: mushenjere unogona kutsiva huni nepurasitiki kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekurapa nezvezuva nezuva here?"
Mushure mekuedzwa kakawanda uye kukundikana kwakawanda, timu yaZhang yakabudirira kugadzira nhevedzano nhatu: zvinoderedza mitauro yebamboo, zvimiti zvebamboo swab, uye zvimiti zveaizi kirimu yebamboo. Semuenzaniso, zvinoderedza mitauro yebamboo zvakapfava, hazvina burr, uye zvakaoma, zvichigadzirisa marwadzo ezvigadzirwa zvehuni - zviri nyore kukwenya nekuputika varwere. Vakakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira pamusika. Muna 2024, mutengi wekuJapan akaongorora fekitori ndokusvika pachibvumirano chekushandira pamwe; kudiwa kwezvinoderedza mitauro yebamboo muJapan kunotarisirwa kusvika zvidimbu zvemamiriyoni gumi muna 2026. "Zvimiti zvebamboo swab nezvimiti zveaizi kirimu zvakakurumbirawo. Takatengesa matani chiuru ezvimiti zvebamboo muna 2025; kubuda kuchapetwa kaviri muna 2026, nechinangwa chekupfuura matani zviuru zvina panosvika 2028."
Kubva mugore ra2025, Hongde Medical yave nematanho epamusoro, ichivavarira kuwana zvitupa zvekugadzira michina yekurapa yeClass II neClass III. "Zvigadzirwa zveClass I zvine mwero wakaderera uye zvine makwikwi akasimba. Ndiri kuronga kupa vamwe vanhu zvigadzirwa zveClass I uye kutarisa paClass II neClass III kuti ndiwedzere kukwikwidzana kwemakambani," akadaro Zhang.
Paanenge achiwedzera zvigadzirwa, Zhang anorongawo kuvaka mafekitori kunze kwenyika. "Nyika iyi yava kukurudzira mabrandi ekuChina kuti aenderane nepasi rose. Tekinoroji yedu yeplaster bandeji yakura uye ine makwikwi emhando yepamusoro; tine chivimbo chekudzika midzi kunze kwenyika." Akapa hurongwa hukuru: kutanga mabhizinesi ekubatana munyika gumi mukati memakore matatu.
Zhang anoronga kushanyira nyika nhanhatu — Algeria, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Dubai, Afghanistan, neEgypt — mushure meGore reMutambo weMabhiza. Maitiro ake akajeka uye anoshanda: kuvaka mafekitori nevadyidzani vemunharaunda vane nzira dzekutengesa dzakakura uye kushanda pamwe chete neHongde. Hongde achave ne20%–40% yemasheya, kudzora tekinoroji huru, uye kubvumidza vadyidzani kuti vagadzirise kugadzirwa nekutengesa. "Ndakashanyira Vietnam ndikawana mabhizinesi ekuChina akavaka mafekitori ari ega ikoko ari kusangana nematambudziko uye anoda kubvisa, achirasikirwa nemidziyo nemaworkshop. Muenzaniso wedu wekushandira pamwe wakadzikama."
Kutakura Mutoro Wevanhu
Kutarisira vanhu munharaunda kwagara kuri chinhu chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweHongde Medical. Muna 2009, nechirongwa cheAnji Disabled Persons' Federation, Zhang akatanga nzvimbo yekutanga yekurapa vanhu vakaremara muAnji, achishandisa vanhu gumi nevaviri vane hurema hwepfungwa munharaunda iyoyo. "Vanhu ava vakakonzera matambudziko nekuda kwehurema hwepfungwa, vachiunza matambudziko makuru kumhuri dzavo uye vachimanikidza hurumende. Hama yemumwe wevashandi yaive mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, saka ndakanzwisisa zvakanyanya matambudziko avo uye ndaida kugovana mabasa ekubatsira vanhu munharaunda."
"Pakutanga zvaive zvakaoma. Vanhu vakaremara vaisagona kushanda uye zvaive zvakaoma kubata nazvo. Pane imwe nguva mumwe munhu akakanda fodya mudonje, zvikaita kuti pave nemoto waida kuti mainjini emoto mana adzimwe," Zhang akayeuka kudaro. Pane imwe nguva akada kurega. "Dzvinyiriro yaive yakakura. Ndakarara ndakamuka husiku hwese ndikachema ndiri pamubhedha musi wemoto."
Pasinei nematambudziko, Zhang akaramba achienderera mberi. KuHongde Medical, vashandi vakaremara vanowana rubatsiro rwakakwana: kambani inobhadhara mari yese yeinishuwarenzi; mihoro yemwedzi yakakwira kubva pa750 yuan muna 2009 kusvika pa1,900 yuan nhasi, zvichipfuura zvakanyanya muhoro wepasi wemuno; vashandi vakazvipira vanopa nhungamiro yebasa nerubatsiro rwezuva nezuva; vakaroorana vatatu vakaremara vakabatsirwa kuroorana. Pavaka fekitori itsva muna 2024, Zhang akaisa mamiriyoni masere eyuan mu "Home for Persons with Disabilities" inobatanidza nguva yekuzorora, varaidzo, uye kurapwa kwebasa.
"Vanhu ava havagone kushandisa mari, kubika, kana kuwacha mbatya, uye havana anovatarisira mushure mekurega basa. Ndinoda kuvaka imba yekuchengetera vakwegura yevanhu vakaremara," chirongwa chaZhang chakazara neushamwari. "Avo vanogona kushanda vanoramba vachishanda; avo vasingakwanise kugara muimba yekuchengetera vakwegura nekuda kwemabasa. Kambani ichabatsira nemari yavo kuti vasazvidya mwoyo."
Nhasi, Hongde Medical ine vashandi vakaremara vanopfuura makumi manomwe, vanosvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chevashandi vayo vese. "Isu tiri kambani isingabhadhariswe mutero. Mari yese inodzoserwa mutero kubva kuhurumende inoshandiswa kune vanhu vakaremara kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwevanhu. Izvi zvinoreva zvinopfuura purofiti chero ipi zvayo."
Zvinyorwa zvePostscript
Zvakangoitikawo kuti, pazuva rekubvunzurudzwa, vakuru vakuru veHuzhou vaiongorora michina yekurapa yeClass II paHongde Medical. Pakupera kwekubvunzurudzwa, Zhang akagamuchira mashoko akanaka ekuti kuongororwa kwacho kwakanga kwapasiswa. Kunyangwe aive nechivimbo kare, akakurudzirwa zvikuru nemhedzisiro yekupedzisira. "Munhu anofanira kuva nechivimbo nesimba remweya. Ndine tarisiro huru kukambani iyi. Mumakore matatu, Hongde Medical ichachinja zvikuru."
Pazera remakore makumi manomwe nemana, nguva iyo vazhinji vanofarira kuenda pamudyandigere, Zhang anoona pokutangira patsva. Anoratidza kushinga kwemurwi wehondo, kugona kuita zvinhu nemazvo kwemuzvinabhizinesi, uchenjeri hwemutungamiriri, uye hushamwari hwemunhuwo zvake. Nyaya yeHongde Medical haisi nhoroondo yekukura kwemakambani chete asiwo chiratidzo chakajeka chemakambani ega ega eChina - akadzika midzi mumhando yepamusoro, achirwira kure nebasa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-21-2026